大白话什么是狗狗币

狗狗币的崛起正应了李笑来说的“傻逼的共识也是共识”。其实这个世界的真相是“傻逼的共识才是共识”。

狗狗币的创始人一个是营销狗Jackson Palmer,一个是码农Billy Markus,因为看不顺眼比特币被少数人垄断,这两人就做了一个发行量高达1280亿枚的狗狗币,让2100万枚的比特币在它眼里就是个小case。

狗狗币在全世界的走红有以下几点原因:

第一,好币种,要有好作者,很多山寨币,作者都不敢公开出来。可以说跟本找不到作者,或是作者本人,也只是想打一炮就走人,像国内的一些山寨币,偷挖现象非常严重。创始人Jackson Palmer和Billy Markus一直在认真推广狗狗币,在开创之初就把狗狗币定位为电子货币来发行。

第二,好币种,必需有一个好的文化背景,在小费文化的大背景下,狗狗币作为电子货币,诞生于2013年12月12日,比特币现在的价格比较高,所以更便宜的Dogecoin受到欢迎。其上线仅一周的时间,便成为第二大的小费货币。他们希望脸书能够接受Dogecoin,现在,脸书已经正式接受狗狗币做为打赏货币,这样你的朋友不仅可以点赞,还可以顺便给你点小费。Palmer也提到,Dogecoin并不像比特币那样,人们并不是为了投机才参与其中,这是一种表达分享和感恩的方式。

第三,好币种,要有比较大的成交量,我在C网上发现,狗狗币的成交量,自从上线以来,一直都是排在第一位。超过其它所有山寨币包括莱特币的成交量,只有成交量大,流通性好。才有可能成为一种货币。而且,狗狗币在所有币挖完后,每年,还有50亿狗狗币的币产出,1年后通涨是5%。20年后通涨是2.5%这样,有一定的通胀。才更符合人类货币的规律。在14年7月中旬减半以后,狗狗币的实际通涨比BTC和LTC都小。适当的通涨会稳定货币价值,不会造成通货紧缩。因为,货币在流通过程中,有可能出现其它原因,如自然丢失等,造成丢币的情况。

第四,好的币种,要有相应的应用在支持,目前来说,所有的山寨币,只有狗狗币,和比特币一样,有自己电脑钱包和手机的安卓钱包,狗狗币也有推出U盘钱包,狗狗币,狗狗币已经推出ATM机。,狗狗币的矿机也已经推出,这样的话,从挖矿交易平台和ATM机,一条完整的产业链就会出现.一个完整的产业链,才会吸引到更多的大资金来关注。

第五,狗狗币,自从推出以来,一直有大的新闻媒体在关注,并支持,从推出到现在,才用了不到3个月的时间,就在算力上已经稳定在第三,交易量,一直排在全球前三名,钱包下载量也是全球第一,狗币人气在Twitter.facebook关注人数分别排名第1和第2 ,国内与狗狗币相关的QQ群个数,百度贴吧,新闻曝光度等综合 排名第2,狗狗币人气也远远超过了所有的山寨币。比特币,莱特币,狗狗币形成三币天下的格局.BTC用来储备或大额消费,LTC和狗狗币用来流通或小额消费。

第六,狗狗币,在国内有成立中国狗狗币协会,为推动狗狗币的发展发挥巨大的力量.中国狗狗币协会官网www.chinadoge.cn。有中文论坛论坛http://www.dogebbs.com,狗狗币资讯网http://mydoge.org/。目前国内比较活跃的QQ群有:340816166 ,101375418, 341817239。而其它的山寨币,大部分只有炒作,没有应用支撑,交流的地方都没有。另外,狗狗币做为和互联网游戏相结合的电子货币,以狗狗币做为游戏币的游戏已经正式推出。狗狗币和游戏相结合,会成为是狗狗币的另一个主要应用。

详情请戳江恩-巴比特

What is Dogecoin

The cryptocurrency Dogecoin was created as a joke but eventually found a purpose as a more friendly, approachable alternative to Bitcoin. The Dogecoin community has catapulted DOGE to cult status. Today it is often used as an entry-point into the crypto world. Dogecoin is a cryptocurrency based on Luckycoin (which is, in turn, based on Litecoin). Dogecoin was originally designed to be a more approachable alternative to Bitcoin, Litecoin, and other cryptocurrencies. As such, there aren’t any groundbreaking features that set Dogecoin apart from the pack. The cryptocurrency hasn’t seen any major updates since 2015 (although it is able to benefit from improvements to the Litecoin code). The true value of Dogecoin lies in the strong and vibrant community that sprung up around it.

Six Interesting Facts About Dogecoin

  • Dogecoin was originally founded as the result of a joke made by Jackson Palmer in November 2013. When he was contacted by programmer Billy Markus, they decided to turn Dogecoin into a reality.
  • Dogecoin was designed to be a friendly, more approachable form of cryptocurrency that could reach users put off by the cold complexity of Bitcoin. Even its name is taken from a popular Internet meme.
  • Dogecoin has one of the largest and most active communities in the cryptocurrency world. This community has come together to fund a number of charitable efforts and other projects. They even managed to sponsor a NASCAR.
  • One of the most common uses for Dogecoin today is as a tipping service. Users will tip other users for posts or contributions that they believe deserve recognition. It’s similar to a “like” but with more impact.
  • There have been no technical updates or developments since 2015 when Jackson Palmer left the project by declaring that he was going on an “extended leave of absence”.
  • In 2021 Dogecoin saw a major price surge thanks to an influx of users chasing GME style highs. This run was given a further boost when Elon Musk began tweeting about Dogecoin, calling it the “cryptocurrency of the people”.

What’s Different About Dogecoin? The main thing that separates Dogecoin from most other cryptocurrencies is that it is an inflationary, rather than deflationary, cryptocurrency.

When a cryptocurrency, like Dogecoin, is inflationary, it means that there is no maximum limit to the number of coins in circulation. Bitcoin and many other cryptocurrencies are designed with a hard supply cap of coins. The potential problem with this is that once the cap is reached it may no longer be profitable for miners to continue to sustain the system. This would either lead to unacceptably high fees in order to encourage miners or very long transaction times as there would be no incentive to process network transactions.

Miners Are Rewarded With Dogecoin

Dogecoin’s creator sought to solve this problem by ensuring that miners would always be rewarded with new Dogecoin and so there would always be an incentive to mine more coins. An inflation-based approach was also designed to replace lost coins and keep Dogecoin at a stable 100 billion coins.

More details on Commedity.com

What is Bitcoin

Kevin Voigt

The value of Bitcoin broke all records in February 2021.

The spot price to buy a bitcoin — the world’s first and most popular digital currency — briefly rose above $58,000 on February 21. (For context, the cryptocurrency’s all-time low is from 2013, when it was priced at $67.81.) With such a meteoric rise, many are wondering: What, exactly, is Bitcoin, and where does it get its value? Years from now, will we talk about the Bitcoin boom and bust periods as we do about the Gold Rush? Or, will it become a staple in a diversified investment portfolio and a common way to buy a pizza?

For the most part, the jury’s still out. But the past 10 years have given us a better indication of the role Bitcoin might play in the portfolios of retail investors and large institutions alike.

Definition: What is Bitcoin?

Bitcoin was launched in 2009 and is regarded as the first cryptocurrency. It’s a decentralized form of digital cash that eliminates the need for traditional intermediaries like banks and governments to make financial transactions. Still feeling a little confused? Don’t worry, that’s normal.

Fiat money (like the U.S. dollars in your bank account) is backed and regulated by the government that issues it. Bitcoin, on the other hand, is powered through a combination of peer-to-peer technology — a network of individuals, much like the volunteer editors who create Wikipedia — and software-driven cryptography, the science of passing secret information that can only be read by the sender and receiver. This creates a currency backed by code rather than items of physical value, like gold or silver, or by trust in central authorities like the U.S. dollar or Japanese yen.

“What is needed is an electronic payment system based on cryptographic proof instead of trust, allowing any two willing parties to transact directly with each other without the need for a trusted third party,” wrote Satoshi Nakamoto —  the pseudonym of the mysterious Bitcoin creator, who remains unknown — in a white paper introducing the open-source technology. It’s come a long way since then, now accepted as payment by AT&T, the Dallas Mavericks and Wikipedia, among others.

» Ready to buy? See NerdWallet-reviewed brokerages that offer Bitcoin.

How does Bitcoin work?

Each bitcoin (trading symbol “BTC,” though “XBT” is also used) is a computer file stored in a digital wallet on a computer or smartphone. To understand how the cryptocurrency works, it helps to understand these terms and a little context:

  • Blockchain: Bitcoin is powered by open-source code known as blockchain, which creates a shared public ledger. Each transaction is a “block” that is “chained” to the code, creating a permanent record of each transaction. Blockchain technology is at the heart of more than 6,000 cryptocurrencies that have followed in Bitcoin’s wake.
  • Private and public keys: A bitcoin wallet contains a public key and a private key, which work together to allow the owner to initiate and digitally sign transactions, providing proof of authorization.
  • Bitcoin miners: Miners — or members of the peer-to-peer platform — then independently confirm the transaction using high-speed computers, typically within 10 to 20 minutes. Miners are paid in bitcoin for their efforts.

» Learn more: What is cryptocurrency? 

How does Bitcoin make money?

Bitcoin value follows the law of supply and demand — and because demand waxes and wanes, there’s a lot of volatility in the cryptocurrency’s price.

Besides mining bitcoin, which requires technical expertise and an investment in high-performance computers, most people purchase bitcoins as a form of currency speculation — betting that the U.S. dollar value of one bitcoin will be higher in the future than it is today. But that’s difficult to predict.

Storing your bitcoins: Hot wallets vs. cold wallets

Bitcoins can be stored in two kinds of digital wallets:

  • Hot wallet: Digital currency is stored in the cloud on a trusted exchange or provider, and accessed through a computer browser, desktop or smartphone app.
  • Cold wallet: An encrypted portable device much like a thumb drive that allows you to download and carry your bitcoins.

Basically, a hot wallet is connected to the internet; a cold wallet is not. But you need a hot wallet to download bitcoins into a portable cold wallet.

Buying Bitcoin: The pros and cons

With a speculative asset class like bitcoin, it’s better to start with why you should be wary:

Bitcoin: The cons

  • Price volatility. The 2017 spike in Bitcoin’s price was driven by speculators rushing into the bitcoin market, as NerdWallet staff writers discussed at the time. The recent gains are good news if you bought Bitcoin in December 2018; those who bought in 2017 when Bitcoin’s price was racing toward $20,000 had to wait until December 2020 to recover their losses.
  • Hacking concerns. While backers say the blockchain technology behind bitcoin is even more secure than traditional electronic money transfers, bitcoin hot wallets have been an attractive target for hackers. There have been a number of high-profile hacks, such as the news in May 2019 that more than $40 million in bitcoin was stolen from several high-net-worth accounts on cryptocurrency exchange Binance (the company covered the losses).
  • Limited (but growing) use. In May 2019, telecommunications giant AT&T joined companies such as Overstock.com, Microsoft and Dish Network in accepting bitcoin payments. But these companies are the exception, not the rule.
  • Not protected by SIPC. The Securities Investor Protection Corporation insures investors up to $500,000 if a brokerage fails or funds are stolen, but that insurance doesn’t cover cryptocurrency.

Bitcoin: The pros

  • Private, secure transactions anytime — with fewer potential fees. Once you own bitcoins, you can transfer them anytime, anywhere, reducing the time and potential expense of any transaction. Transactions don’t contain personal information like a name or credit card number, which eliminates the risk of consumer information being stolen for fraudulent purchases or identity theft. (Keep in mind, though, that to purchase bitcoins on an exchange, generally you’ll first need to link your bank account.)
  • The potential for big growth. Some investors who buy and hold the currency are betting that once Bitcoin matures, greater trust and more widespread use will follow, and therefore Bitcoin’s value will grow.
  • The ability to avoid traditional banks or government intermediaries. After the financial crisis and the Great Recession, some investors are eager to embrace an alternative, decentralized currency — one that is essentially outside the control of regular banks, governing authorities or other third parties. (However, to buy Bitcoin on an exchange with U.S. dollars, you’ll likely need to link your bank account.)

Where can I buy Bitcoin?

There are four ways to get bitcoins:

  • Cryptocurrency exchanges. There are a number of exchanges in the U.S. and abroad. Coinbase is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in the U.S., trading more than 30 cryptocurrencies.

» Learn more: Read our Coinbase review

  • Investment brokerages. Robinhood was the first mainstream investment broker to offer Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies (Robinhood Crypto is available in most, but not all, U.S. states). Tradestation, eToro and Sofi Active Investing also offering cryptocurrency trading in most U.S. states.
  • Bitcoin ATMs. There are more than 7,000 bitcoin ATMs in the U.S. (search Coin ATM Radar to find one near you).
  • Peer-to-peer purchases. True to its original spirit, you can buy bitcoins directly from other bitcoin owners through peer-to-peer tools like Bisq, Bitquick and LocalBitcoins.com.
  • Bitcoin mining. You can earn bitcoins through mining, but the technical expertise required and computer cost puts this option out of reach for most.

Should you buy Bitcoin?

Bitcoin is an incredibly speculative and volatile buy. It’s worth remembering that stock trading can give you a similar thrill — and picking stocks of established companies is generally less risky than investing in Bitcoin. (A good rule of thumb is to devote less than 10% of your overall portfolio to individual stocks or speculative assets like Bitcoin.)

» Read our top picks for best online stock brokers

What online brokers offer Bitcoin?

Of the online brokerages and cryptocurrency exchanges that NerdWallet reviews, the following currently offer Bitcoin.

Available for:Learn more
CoinbaseAccess to buy and sell more than 30 cryptocurrencies.Read review
eToroTrading platform with access to 15 cryptocurrencies.Read review
RobinhoodSeven cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash and Ethereum.Read review
SoFi Active InvestingOffers three cryptocurrencies for trading: Bitcoin, Ethereum and Litecoin.Read review
TradeStationOffers trading for five cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash and Ethereum.Read review
WebullOffers four cryptocurrencies for trading: Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum and Litecoin.Read review

* These providers are NerdWallet advertising partners.

Disclosure: The author held no positions in the aforementioned securities at the time of publication.

大白话说什么是NFT

NFT (Non Fungible Token) 是一种基于区块链技术的数字货币,只不过相对于比特币的无差别、可互换(就像每张毛爷爷都一摸一样),每一件 NFT 都是独一无二的。比如说,这个世界上只存在一条 Jack Dorsey 于 2006 年 3 月 22 日 4 点 50 分发出的推特,将其制作为 NFT 后,除了其本身,再没有绝对意义上与其等价的物品。(相当于每一张毛爷爷都是独一无二的纪念币)

互联网时代的一切都能够通过复制粘贴,拷贝出无数份,而 NFT 则制造出一种人为的稀缺,并通过这种稀缺获得价值。换句话说,NFT 不仅包括作品本身,更附带有无法伪造的创作者认证信息,稍微类似于亲笔签名。买家购买的不是作品的版权或是使用权,而是能够证明「我确实买了这么个东西」的数字凭证。所以NFT的收藏价值被各路投机者所看好。

What is Smart Contract?

Imagine that you need to sell a house. It’s a rather complicated and daunting process which entails a lot of paperwork, communication with different firms and people as well as a high levels of various risks. That’s why the absolute majority of house sellers decide to find an estate agent, who deals with all the paperwork, markets the property and acts as an intermediary when the negotiations begin, overseeing the deal until it’s closed.

Moreover, the agency provides an escrow service, which is especially useful in such transactions, as the sums involved are normally quite big and you can’t really fully trust the person you will be dealing with. Nevertheless, after the successful deal, the seller’s and the buyer’s agents will share around seven percent of the sale price as their commission. This amounts to quite a substantial financial loss for the seller.

It’s situations like this where smart contracts could really come in handy and effectively revolutionize an entire industry, all the while making the process a lot less of a burden. Perhaps most importantly, they would solve a trust issue. Smart contracts work on an ‘If-Then’ principle, which means that the ownership of the house will be passed on to the buyer only when the agreed upon amount of money is sent to the system.

They also work as escrow services, meaning that both the money and the ownership right will be stored in the system and distributed to the participating parties at exactly the same time. Moreover, the transaction is witnessed and verified by hundreds of people, so the faultless delivery is guaranteed. As trust between the parties is no longer an issue, there is no need for an intermediary. All the functions that an estate agent does can be pre-programmed into a smart contract, while simultaneously saving both the seller and the buyer considerable amounts of money.

And this is just one example of potential uses of smart contracts. They are capable of facilitating an exchange of money, property and anything else of value, ensuring the complete transparency, avoiding the services and accompanying charges of a middleman and eradicating the question of trust between the parties. The code of a particular smart contract includes all the terms and conditions agreed upon by the parties, and the information about the transaction itself is recorded in a Blockchain, a decentralized, distributed public ledger.

How do smart contracts work

Simply put, smart contracts work a lot like vending machines. You just drop a required amount of a cryptocurrency into the smart contract, and your escrow, house ownership right, driver’s license, or whatever else drops into your account. All the rules and penalties are not only pre-defined by smart contracts but are also enforced by them.

Interdependence

A smart contract can work on its own, but it can also be implemented along with any number of other smart contracts. They can be set up in a way when they’ll be dependant on one another. For example, successful completion of one particular smart contract can trigger the start of another one, and so on. In theory, whole systems and organizations can run entirely on smart contracts. To some extent, this is already implemented in various cryptocurrency systems, where all the laws are pre-defined and because of that, the network itself can function autonomously and independently.

Objects of smart contracts

Essentially, there are three integral parts, also referred to as objects, to every smart contract. The first one is signatories, the two or more parties using the smart contract, agreeing or disagreeing with the terms of the agreement using digital signatures.

The second object is the subject of the agreement. This can only be an object that exists within the smart contract’s environment. Alternatively, the smart contracts have to have unhindered and direct access to the object. Even though the smart contracts were first discussed back in 1996, it was this particular object that stalled their development. This problem was partially solved only after the first cryptocurrency appeared in 2009.

Finally, any smart contract has to include specific terms. Those terms need to be mathematically described in full and using a programming language that is appropriate for the particular smart contract’s environment. This includes the requirements expected from all the participating parties as well as all the rules, rewards and punishments associated with said terms.

Environment

In order for them to exist and function properly, smart contracts have to operate within a specific suitable environment. First of all, the environment needs to support the use of public-key cryptography, which enables users to sign off for the transaction using their unique, specially generated cryptographic codes. This is the exact system that the absolute majority of currently existing cryptocurrencies is using.

Secondly, they require an open and decentralized database, which all parties of the contract can fully trust and which are fully automated. Moreover, the entire environment itself has to be decentralized for the smart contract to be implemented. Blockchains, especially the Ethereum Blockchain, are the perfect environments for smart contracts.

Finally, the source of digital data used by the smart contract has to be completely reliable. This entails the use of root SSL security certificates, HTTPS, and other secure-connection protocols that are already being widely used and are being implemented automatically on most modern-day software.

Smart contracts give you:

Autonomy — Smart contracts eradicate the need for a third-party intermediary of facilitator, essentially giving you full control of the agreement.

Trust — No one can steal or lose any of your documents, as they are encrypted and safely stored on a secured, shared ledger. Moreover, you don’t have to trust people you’re dealing with or expect them to trust you, as the unbiased system of smart contracts essentially replaces trust.

Savings — Notaries, estate agents, advisors, assistance and many other intermediaries are not needed thanks to smart contracts. And, by extension, the extortionate fees associated with their services.

Safety — If implemented correctly, smart contracts are extremely difficult to hack. Moreover, perfect environments for smart contracts are protected with complex cryptography, which will keep your documents safe.

Efficiency — With smart contracts you will be saving a lot of time, normally wasted on manually processing heaps of paper documents, sending or transporting them to specific places, etc.

Read more: How Blockchain Technology Works

Who created and who uses them

Smart contracts were first described by Nick Szabo, a computer scientist and cryptographer, in 1996. Over the course of several years, Szabo reworked the concept and released several publications, where he described the concept of establishing contract law related business practices through the design of electronic commerce protocols between strangers on the Internet.

However, the implementation of smart contracts didn’t happen until 2009, when the first cryptocurrency Bitcoin appeared along with its Blockchain, which finally provided a suitable environment for smart contracts. Interestingly enough, Nick Szabo designed a mechanism for a decentralized digital currency called Bit Gold in 1998. It was never implemented, but it already had many of the features that Bitcoin boasted about 10 years later.

These days, smart contracts are mainly associated with cryptocurrencies. Moreover, it is fair to say that one could not exist without the other, and vice versa, as decentralized cryptocurrency protocols are essentially smart contracts with decentralized security and encryption. They are widely used in most of the currently existing cryptocurrency networks and are the prominent and one of the most hyped features of Ethereum.

Read more: What is Ethereum

Examples of using smart contracts

While the stance of governments, financial regulators and banks worldwide on cryptocurrencies has been ranging from extremely cautious to carefully accepting, the technology behind them – Blockchain and smart contracts – has been widely accepted as revolutionary and it is being implemented across all levels.

For example, just recently, the Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation (DTCC) and four major banks – Bank of America Merrill Lynch, Citi, Credit Suisse and J.P. Morgan – successfully traded credit default swaps on the Blockchain developed by Axoni, using smart contracts. The smart contract used held information such as individual trade details and counterparts risk metrics, which, according to a press release, provided a new level of transparency for partners and regulators.

Similar things are happening everywhere. This month, a consortium of 61 Japanese and South Korean banks has been testing Ripple’s Blockchain and smart contracts to enable cross-border money transfers between the two nations. The new system will roll-out in 2018. Even Sberbank, a Russian government-controlled bank, in a country which has been notoriously anti-cryptocurrency, the Ethereum’s Blockchain and the smart contracts enabled by it are being tested.

The tests came in light of Sberbank joining the Enterprise Ethereum Alliance, a consortium of more than 100 businesses, including top players such as Cisco, BP, ING, Microsoft and so on. The Alliance aims to develop a Blockchain fine-tuned for business-use, where smart contracts needed for particular companies can be developed and implemented.

As smart contracts were developed in association with cryptocurrencies, they are still mostly being implemented into the world of finance and banking. Nevertheless, this technology can be used by governments worldwide to make the voting system more accessible and transparent.  Supply chains can use it to both monitor the goods and automate all the tasks and payments involved. Real estate, healthcare, taxes, insurance and countless other industries can benefit from the implementation of smart contracts and the benefits they have to offer.

Cons

Smart contracts are an extremely young technology. Despite having a lot of promise, it is still can be prone to problems. For instance, the code that makes up the contract has to be perfect and contain no bugs. This can lead to mistakes and, sometimes, to such bugs being exploited by scammers. As was the case with The DAO hack, money put into a smart account with a mistake in its code can be stolen from it.

Moreover, the novelty of the technology still bring a lot of questions to the table. How will the government decide to regulate such contracts? How will they be taxed? What happens if the contract can’t get access to the subject of the agreement, or anything unexpected happens to it? It this was to happen when a traditional contract was made, it could be rescinded in court, but the Blockchain makes the contract perform no matter what, in accordance with the ‘Code is Law’ policy.

Nevertheless, most of these problems exist purely because of how young smart contracts are as a technology. With such promise, the technology will surely be perfected over time. Undoubtedly, smart contracts are about to become the integral part of our society.

By CoinTelegraph

大白话说明白什么是以太坊

想象以太坊就是个大菜场,你和商贩不需要讨价还价,只需要自动执行的智能合约就行了。比如把猪肉30块一斤写在智能合约里,想买猪肉只需要付30块以太币(ETH)就能把猪肉买回家。

由于以太坊创始人Vitalik Buterin(V神)对以太坊的巨大影响,以太坊一直在理想主义与现实主义中反复寻找发展方向。目前仍然以实际应用为主(如ICO发币、Dapp去中心化app、DeFi去中心化金融)等等。而比特币由于创始人中本聪的神秘消失,越来越得到投机资本的青睐。现在越来越多的跨国公司,苹果、特斯拉等等都加入其中。就像画家死后画才值钱一样,中本聪的消失非但没成为比特币价格增长的阻碍,反倒给人以大局已定、坐等升值的安全感。

What is NFT (Non-fungible tokens)?

By Ollie Leech

Non-fungible tokens (NFT) are digital assets that represent a wide range of unique tangible and intangible items, from collectible sports cards to virtual real estate and even digital sneakers.

One of the main benefits of owning a digital collectible versus a physical collectible like a Pokemon card or rare minted coin is that each NFT contains distinguishing information that makes it both distinct from any other NFT and easily verifiable. This makes the creation and circulation of fake collectibles pointless because each item can be traced back to the original issuer.

Unlike regular cryptocurrencies, NFTs cannot be directly exchanged with one another. This is because no two NFTs are identical – even those that exist on the same platform, game or in the same collection. Think of them as festival tickets. Each ticket contains specific information including the purchaser’s name, the date of the event and the venue. This data makes it impossible for festival tickets to be traded with one another.

The vast majority of NFT tokens were built using one of two Ethereum token standards (ERC-721 and ERC-1155) –  blueprints created by Ethereum that enable software developers to easily deploy NFTs and ensure they’re compatible with the broader ecosystem, including exchanges and wallet services like MetaMask and MyEtherWallet. Eos, Neo and Tron have also released their own NFT token standards to encourage developers to build and host NFTs on their blockchain networks.Read more: Do You Know Where Your Digital Art Lives?

Other key characteristics of NFTs include:

  • Non-interoperable: A CryptoPunk cannot be used as a character on the CryptoKitties game or vice versa. This goes for collectibles such as trading cards, too; a Blockchain Heroes card cannot be played in the Gods Unchained trading-card game. 
  • Indivisible: NFTs cannot be divided into smaller denominations like bitcoin satoshis. They exist exclusively as a whole item. 
  • Indestructible: Because all NFT data is stored on the blockchain via smart contracts, each token cannot be destroyed, removed or replicated. Ownership of these tokens is also immutable, which means gamers and collectors actually possess their NFTs, not the companies that create them. This contrasts with buying things like music from the iTunes store where users don’t actually own what they’re buying, they just purchase the license to listen to the music. 
  • Verifiable: Another benefit of storing historical ownership data on the blockchain is that items such as digital artwork can be traced back to the original creator, which allows pieces to be authenticated without the need for third-party verification.

Why they’re important

NFTs have become hugely popular with crypto users and companies alike because of the way they revolutionized the gaming and collectibles space. Since November 2017, there has been a total of $174 million spent on NFTs.

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Thanks to the advent of blockchain technology, gamers and collectors can become the immutable owners of in-game items and other unique assets as well as make money from them. In some cases, players have the ability to create and monetize structures like casinos and theme parks in virtual worlds, such as The Sandbox and Decentraland. They can also sell individual digitals items they accrue during gameplay such as costumes, avatars and in-game currency on a secondary market.

For artists, being able to sell artwork in digital form directly to a global audience of buyers without using an auction house or gallery allows them to keep a significantly greater portion of the profits they make from sales. Royalties can also be programmed into digital artwork so that the creator receives a percentage of sale profits each time their artwork is sold to a new owner.

William Shatner, best known as Captain Kirk from “Star Trek,” ventured into digital collectibles in 2020 and issued 90,000 digital cards on the WAX blockchain showcasing various images of himself. Each card was initially sold for approximately $1 and now provides Shatner with passive royalty income every time one is resold.Read more: NFT art sales reached all-time high of $8.2M in December

Why do they have value?

Like all assets, supply and demand are the key market drivers for price. Due to the scarce nature of NFTs and the high demand for them from gamers, collectors and investors, people are often prepared to pay a lot of money for them. 

Some NFTs also have the potential to make their owners a lot of money. For instance, one gamer on the Decentraland virtual land platform decided to purchase 64 lots and combine them into a single estate. Dubbed “The Secrets of Satoshis Tea Garden,” it sold for $80,000 purely because of its desirable location and road access. Another investor parted with $222,000 to purchase a segment of a digital Monaco racing track in the F1 Delta Time game. The NFT representing the piece of digital track allows the owner to receive 5% dividends from all races that take place on it, including entry ticket fees. 

What are the most expensive NFTs?

Dragon the CryptoKitty continues to be one of the most expensive NFTs in the space, valued at 600 ETH

The one-of-a-kind “1-1-1” race car from F1 Delta Time sold for 415.9 ETH in May 2019.

Alien #2089 sold for 605 ETH in January 2021. This NFT is part of the CryptoPunk collection, the first NFTs ever created. Overall, there are 10,000 different CryptoPunks and only nine Alien CryptoPunks.

An NBA Topshot digital collectible card of basketball star LeBron James sold for $100,000.

An Axie named Angel from the NFT-based game Axie Infinity sold for 300 ETH.

普通人怎么投资比特币

一句话,Hold住!

韭菜搞比特币切记炒短线。“老子买股票,股市收盘了就不亏钱了。老子买比特币,妈的24小时亏钱”。普通人买比特币,最佳策略就是Hold住,实在Hold不住的,把交易所软件卸载了也行。

从 2013 年的 100 美元,到今天 2020 年 1 万美元,比特币在过去 7 年时间内已经涨了 100 倍了。持有比特币的人相信在未来十年内,比特币价格将继续猛涨(猛涨的理由千奇百怪,可以是“数字黄金”的故事、可以是“互联网货币”的故事,跟信佛一样),因此选择囤币然后在很长一段时间后再卖掉就是有利可图的。而且这种方法不需要像做短线交易那样频繁关注比特币短期的价格,尤其是对于想要分散投资(不想all in房市)的人来说,是更安心、也更省精力的做法。

大白话解释什么是挖矿

挖矿就是“做题”, 矿工就是“做题家”。挖矿的过程就是比特币系统出一道数学题,看谁先做对。

比特币交易将验证交易的工作去中心化,靠用户彼此协助验证,而验证过程就是让计算机解出一连串复杂的密码学题目,解完题目、完成验证后,便能将交易双方的钱包地址、交易金额和时间等相关信息新增至新的「区块」中,这整个过程便称为「挖矿」,成功完成验证的「矿工」可获得一定数量的比特币作为奖励。

就像做题家内卷一样,解题难度会随着越来越多人投入挖矿而变难,矿工也需要用更强大的计算机才能成功解题,为了提高运算能力,矿工们会集结各自的计算机运算能力进行共同挖矿,再按照贡献程度进行拆分收益,因此个人矿工已越来越难和专业挖矿组织竞争。

组织聚集处就被称作「矿池」,其通常设在像中国等电费较低廉的国家,而目前全球主要矿池有58%来自中国,挖矿趋势伴随而来的便是能源消耗问题,也传出部分学者与科学家利用公有资源,使用运算效能极强的超级计算机进行挖矿。

By 知乎

大白话说清DeFi

DeFi是一个由众多金融服务机器人所组成的全新金融服务网络。

所有的 DeFi协议,本质上都是在提供⼀种⾦融服务,也就是说,是由⾦融服务机器人来提供⾦融服务,类⽐到传统世界⾥,就是⼀家银行给你提供借贷服务,或者⼀家理财公司帮你理财,⼜或者是
⼀家基金公司帮你做投资等等。这些⾦融机器器⼈其实就跟传统世界的⾦融服务公司是⼀样的,不同的是,这些机器器人是自动执⾏,⾃动操作,并且是完全去中⼼化运⾏,由代码组成。

所以,作为⼀个普通⽤户,我们玩DeFi,我们进入DeFi世界,就等同于来到了一个有很多机器人的房间。如果我们想使⽤某种金融服务,包括借贷、交易或者衍⽣品等等,就⾛到其中某⼀个机器⼈
的面前去使⽤它的⾦融服务,那这些机器⼈形成的市场就叫 DeFi。

具象化些,什么是金融服务机器⼈呢?

以Compound为例,Compound是提供抵押借贷的⾦融服务协议,我们称机器人小C。⼩C可以给⼩明提供抵押借贷服务。借贷⼈小明⼿上有⽐特币,假设1个比特币价值1万美元,并且小明认为比特币会涨到10万美元,但是⼩明现在缺钱,怎么办呢?⼩明可以不卖掉比特币,⽽是把⽐特币做抵押借贷,给到⼩C机器人,再获得贷款,可能是6000美元或者是5000美元。

5000美元或6000美元从哪里来呢?从⾦主小红,小红⼿手上有闲置资金。⼩C是机器器⼈,是完全透明公开,去中⼼化的。机器人⼩C跟⼩红说,你把钱放到我这,可以确保绝对安全。如果⼩明不愿意还钱,我就把他的⽐特币卖掉,让你把这笔钱拿回来。通过这样的方式,小红就放⼼且愿意把闲置资⾦给到Compound。

By 知乎